Prov 4:10-15, 20-27
SS Lesson for 09/11/2011
Devotional Scripture: 1 Cor 1:18 - 2:8
The outline of the lesson came from the Bible Expositor and Illuminator. It teaches about Making Right Choices. The study's aim is to affirm that we can know right from wrong if we stick to God's laws. The study's application is to pass on to others the truth of God's word by living righteous lives.
Making Right Choices
Sometimes it seems that the younger you are, the more critical the choices. I made three choices in my younger days that completely changed my life’s direction and destiny. The first two were right choices, while the third may have been. The first of the three choices was my decision to become a Christian. That was in 1957. It was the most important, wisest decision I ever made. But it easily could have gone the other way because I was reared in a non-Christian environment. That one decision kept my feet from “the path of the wicked.” This does not mean I was perfect in that regard, but at least I was encouraged by many Christian friends to walk on right paths. The second of the three choices was my 1967 decision to take a wife. I am so glad she said “Yes”! She has been my confidante, best friend, lover, counselor, helper, teacher, and organizer. She is much more, of course, but that one decision lifted my abilities in ministry and teaching because of her care, concern, support, and love through the years. She is the reason I have been able to continue a high-paced ministry of teaching and preaching. Our children are a blessing to us and have given us six grandchildren whom we adore. After God, I attribute most of our success to my wife. What a choice! The third of the three choices was my 1988 decision to become the academic dean at a Bible college. I had attended the seminary of the institution, and thus I loved the school. My decision to become dean of the college may not have been the best choice for me, for I remained in administration only for 5 years. However, I was able to stay with the school and become part of the faculty. That was where my talents and giftedness were best put to use. For more than 20 years I have been able to see the ultimate fruit of that third decision. I am able to continue a meaningful teaching ministry, with many students flowing through our lives year after year. Making right, godly choices can bring happiness and fulfillment to life.
Lesson Background
Last week we noted that Proverbs 1-9 is organized as 10 lectures. Today’s lesson includes part of what we may call “Lecture 6” (Proverbs 4:10-19) and all of “Lecture 7” (4:20-27). But before we launch into the commentary, let us observe some basic principles of interpretation required for the book of Proverbs. First, it is important to recognize the structure of the book of Proverbs as a whole. Proverbs 1-9 is different from Proverbs 10-31, for the first nine chapters function as a long introduction to the collections of proverbs in Proverbs 10-31 (see last week’s Lesson Background). Second, proverbs are usually parallel in structure. That is, the second line often adds to or contrasts with the idea of the first line. Third, the nature of the imagery in a proverb is important to discern as we try to determine how things are compared or contrasted. Fourth, sometimes it is important to note the source of the proverb or wisdom saying: is it experience, observation, tradition, or something else? Fifth, we must recognize that proverbs are relative to the situation. This means we should evaluate circumstances for applying a proverb in any given life context (example: contrast Proverbs 26:4 with 26:5). Sixth, a proverb addressed to those of a certain age group should be evaluated for relevance to other age groups. Seventh, we can enhance our understanding of the book of Proverbs by consulting sources that help us understand the background from which the proverbs emerged. Eighth, we should master what various proverbs say about a particular topic by grouping them together. Ninth, we should be alert to biblical stories or characters who illustrate a proverb’s application (or lack thereof). Tenth, we should evaluate how the New Testament addresses issues found in the book of Proverbs.
Religion in early nineteenth-century America experienced a series of revivals that historians call the Second Great Awakening. Thousands professed conversion, missions expanded, colleges and seminaries multiplied, and many social reforms were initiated. Temperance, antislavery, and women's rights movements convinced many that the kingdom of Christ would not be long in coming. By the second half of the century, however, American churches and Christian schools were in turmoil. The Darwinian theory of evolution and destructive critical views of the Bible had become popular. What had happened? Why had a believing generation been replaced by one of skeptics and unbelievers? One major reason was that believers began to take the essentials of their faith for granted, replacing rigorous Christian teaching with an emotional religion of the heart. They failed to give the next generation valid reasons for believing biblical teaching. Our lesson from Proverbs reminds us what a treasure God's wisdom is, both for us and for our children. It takes only one generation to change the course of a family or even a nation. In our lesson this week we explore the power that the truth of God's Word and His laws has to change the face of our communities as it is passed down through the generations. Have you ever wondered how you became who you are, or even why you think the way you do? We are largely the products of our environments. Sometimes those environments can be bad, as when parents, by their words and examples, teach their young children to lie, cheat, and steal. Sometimes they can be good environments, as when a parent decides to change the course of his or her family history by following God. Which of these situations can you identify with? This week we see the power of God's Word as it is passed down from generation to generation.
(Scriptural Text from the New King James Version; cross-references from the NIV)
10 Hear, my son, and receive my sayings, And the years of your life will be many.
11 I have taught you in the way of wisdom; I have led you in right paths.
12 When you walk, your steps will not be hindered, And when you run, you will not stumble.
13 Take firm hold of instruction, do not let go; Keep her, for she is your life.
14 Do not enter the path of the wicked, And do not walk in the way of evil.
15 Avoid it, do not travel on it; Turn away from it and pass on.
31 To the Jews who had believed him, Jesus said, "If you hold to my teaching, you are really my disciples. 32 Then you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free."
17 But thanks be to God that, though you used to be slaves to sin, you wholeheartedly obeyed the form of teaching to which you were entrusted. 18 You have been set free from sin and have become slaves to righteousness.
11 It was he who gave some to be apostles, some to be prophets, some to be evangelists, and some to be pastors and teachers, 12 to prepare God's people for works of service, so that the body of Christ may be built up 13 until we all reach unity in the faith and in the knowledge of the Son of God and become mature, attaining to the whole measure of the fullness of Christ. 14 Then we will no longer be infants, tossed back and forth by the waves, and blown here and there by every wind of teaching and by the cunning and craftiness of men in their deceitful scheming. 15 Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will in all things grow up into him who is the Head, that is, Christ. 16 From him the whole body, joined and held together by every supporting ligament, grows and builds itself up in love, as each part does its work.
28 We proclaim him, admonishing and teaching everyone with all wisdom, so that we may present everyone perfect in Christ.
2 You must teach what is in accord with sound doctrine.
15 Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, a workman who does not need to be ashamed and who correctly handles the word of truth.
2 As his custom was, Paul went into the synagogue, and on three Sabbath days he reasoned with them from the Scriptures, 3 explaining and proving that the Christ had to suffer and rise from the dead. "This Jesus I am proclaiming to you is the Christ," he said.
11 Now the Bereans were of more noble character than the Thessalonians, for they received the message with great eagerness and examined the Scriptures every day to see if what Paul said was true.
4 For everything that was written in the past was written to teach us, so that through endurance and the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope.
15 and how from infancy you have known the holy Scriptures, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus.
3 While you were doing all these things, declares the Lord, I spoke to you again and again, but you did not listen; I called you, but you did not answer.
23 but I gave them this command: Obey me, and I will be your God and you will be my people. Walk in all the ways I command you, that it may go well with you. 24 But they did not listen or pay attention; instead, they followed the stubborn inclinations of their evil hearts. They went backward and not forward.
11 These things happened to them as examples and were written down as warnings for us, on whom the fulfillment of the ages has come.
23 Moses said to the Lord, "The people cannot come up Mount Sinai, because you yourself warned us, 'Put limits around the mountain and set it apart as holy.'"
10 Therefore, you kings, be wise; be warned, you rulers of the earth.
20 My son, give attention to my words; Incline your ear to my sayings.
21 Do not let them depart from your eyes; Keep them in the midst of your heart;
22 For they are life to those who find them, And health to all their flesh.
23 Keep your heart with all diligence, For out of it spring the issues of life.
16 Don't you know that when you offer yourselves to someone to obey him as slaves, you are slaves to the one whom you obey — whether you are slaves to sin, which leads to death, or to obedience, which leads to righteousness?
8 Although he was a son, he learned obedience from what he suffered
6 And this is love: that we walk in obedience to his commands. As you have heard from the beginning, his command is that you walk in love.
22 But Samuel replied: "Does the Lord delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices as much as in obeying the voice of the Lord? To obey is better than sacrifice, and to heed is better than the fat of rams.
24 "Therefore everyone who hears these words of mine and puts them into practice is like a wise man who built his house on the rock. 25 The rain came down, the streams rose, and the winds blew and beat against that house; yet it did not fall, because it had its foundation on the rock.
16 Therefore we do not lose heart. Though outwardly we are wasting away, yet inwardly we are being renewed day by day. 17 For our light and momentary troubles are achieving for us an eternal glory that far outweighs them all. 18 So we fix our eyes not on what is seen, but on what is unseen. For what is seen is temporary, but what is unseen is eternal.
14 As obedient children, do not conform to the evil desires you had when you lived in ignorance. 15 But just as he who called you is holy, so be holy in all you do; 16 for it is written: "Be holy, because I am holy."
6 The Lord your God will circumcise your hearts and the hearts of your descendants, so that you may love him with all your heart and with all your soul, and live.
10 Create in me a pure heart, O God, and renew a steadfast spirit within me.
39 I will give them singleness of heart and action, so that they will always fear me for their own good and the good of their children after them.
3 Are we beginning to commend ourselves again? Or do we need, like some people, letters of recommendation to you or from you? 2 You yourselves are our letter, written on our hearts, known and read by everybody. 3 You show that you are a letter from Christ, the result of our ministry, written not with ink but with the Spirit of the living God, not on tablets of stone but on tablets of human hearts.
2 Do not conform any longer to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind. Then you will be able to test and approve what God's will is — his good, pleasing and perfect will.
23 to be made new in the attitude of your minds; 24 and to put on the new self, created to be like God in true righteousness and holiness.
24 Put away from you a deceitful mouth, And put perverse lips far from you.
25 Let your eyes look straight ahead, And your eyelids look right before you.
26 Ponder the path of your feet, And let all your ways be established.
27 Do not turn to the right or the left; Remove your foot from evil.
19 My dear brothers, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry,
26 If anyone considers himself religious and yet does not keep a tight rein on his tongue, he deceives himself and his religion is worthless.
11 A word aptly spoken is like apples of gold in settings of silver.
4 The Sovereign Lord has given me an instructed tongue, to know the word that sustains the weary. He wakens me morning by morning, wakens my ear to listen like one being taught.
29 If your right eye causes you to sin, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than for your whole body to be thrown into hell.
31 "I made a covenant with my eyes not to look lustfully at a girl.
22 "The eye is the lamp of the body. If your eyes are good, your whole body will be full of light. 23 But if your eyes are bad, your whole body will be full of darkness.
41 "Why do you look at the speck of sawdust in your brother's eye and pay no attention to the plank in your own eye? 42 How can you say to your brother, 'Brother, let me take the speck out of your eye,' when you yourself fail to see the plank in your own eye? You hypocrite, first take the plank out of your eye, and then you will see clearly to remove the speck from your brother's eye.
1 Blessed is the man who does not walk in the counsel of the wicked or stand in the way of sinners or sit in the seat of mockers.
11 Teach me your way, O Lord; lead me in a straight path because of my oppressors.
105 Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light for my path.
133 Direct my footsteps according to your word; let no sin rule over me.
Making wise, godly choices is the right way. We have examples in the Bible. One such example is Joseph, who made a wise choice when he avoided the evil approaches of Potiphar’s wife, even though it cost him his freedom at the time (Genesis 39). On the other hand, people often make wrong choices. Such choices frequently are based on covetousness and selfishness in violation of God’s Word. The Bible offers many examples. Achan sinfully kept plunder for himself (Joshua 7). King Saul violated God’s command with regard to sacrifice (1 Samuel 13). King David committed adultery with Bathsheba (2 Samuel 11). A startling example in the New Testament is that of Ananias and Sapphira, who made an unwise decision to tell a lie about a property transaction (Acts 5). They forfeited their lives for that! Two paths lie before us all: the wise way and the wicked way. There is no middle ground. We choose one or the other every time we make small and large choices in life. Make sure you don’t fool yourself. Today is the tenth anniversary of the 9/11 terrorist attacks. The perpetrators fooled themselves into thinking they were doing God’s will (1 Samuel 15:20). We have a great capacity for self-delusion, don’t we?
In our text we read the earnest words of a father to his children: hold on tight to God's wisdom. This father, in turn, received the same message from his father (Prov. 4:3-4). Throughout the book of Proverbs, God's instruction is passed on from parent to child. In fact, the first nine chapters are structured around a series of speeches that all begin with the words "my son." This reflects the teaching found throughout the Bible that spiritual instruction must be transmitted from one generation to the next. Deuteronomy 6:6-7 describes it this way: "And these words, which I command thee this day, shall be in thine heart: and thou shaft teach them diligently unto thy children, and shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thine house, and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest down, and when thou risest up." Each year in the Passover ceremony and at other occasions, Israelite parents taught their children about the mighty acts of God, particularly the exodus out of Egypt and the entrance into the Promised Land (cf. Exod. 13:14). In the New Testament also, the Christian faith is passed from one generation to the next. Paul reminded Timothy of the great privilege of having a mother and grandmother who raised him as a Jew, preparing him for Messiah Jesus (II Tim. 1:5). Paul also exhorted parents to raise their children "in the nurture and admonition of the Lord" (Eph. 6:4). Particularly in the New Testament, the message is passed on, not only from physical parent to physical child, but also from spiritual parent to spiritual child. Paul encouraged the older members of the church to act like spiritual parents for the young, passing on spiritual teaching to the next generation (cf. Titus 2:4). In the New Testament, of course, the message that is passed on now includes the message of what Jesus has accomplished for us. Paul referred to this gospel message as something that he "received" and then passed to the churches (I Cor. 15:3). He also referred to the gospel as a deposit that he entrusted to Timothy and that Timothy must pass on to the next generation (cf. II Tim. 1:14). In verse 13, instruction is metaphorically compared to a physical object that we must "hold" on to with our hands. This reflects a common image throughout Proverbs that wisdom and instruction are like precious jewelry. Divine wisdom passed on from one generation to the next is compared to a necklace (1:9), a crown (4:9), and many other ornamental items. In light of these images, we might think of our scriptural heritage and biblical wisdom as a family heirloom. As heirs of this valuable treasure, we must guard it at all times, holding it close to our chests; and we must take heed to pass on this precious gift to the next generation. The value of the gifts is nothing less than true life. Proverbs often refers to wisdom as life. Personified Wisdom says that she holds long life in her "right hand" (3:16), and wisdom is called a "tree of life" (vs. 18). In the New Testament, Jesus declared that His purpose for His people is the same: "that they might have life, and that they might have it more abundantly" (John 10:10).
1. Wisdom can bear no fruit if a person will not receive it in humility (Prov. 4:10-13)
2. One vital way to prevent straying into sin is to simply avoid evil paths (vs. 14-15)
3. Like any discipline, growing in wisdom requires time and dedication (vs. 20-21)
4. Seeking wisdom is not merely academic; it often results in a life well lived (vs. 22-23)
5. Wisdom is as much about what we say as what we do (vs. 24)
6. Wise living does not come by accident. It must be thoughtfully pursued (vs. 25-27)
Scripture declares that Solomon was the wisest man in the world in his day (I Kings 4:29-34). His knowledge was extensive, but he also possessed practical knowledge for living according to God's will. And while he himself did not live up to all he taught, his teaching came from God. Much of that teaching is recorded in the book of Proverbs.
God's wisdom is of utmost importance, but it will do us no good unless we are willing to listen to it and accept it. Solomon understood this. We need to constantly be reminded of the importance of listening to what God teaches us through His Word, and God's Word often is illuminated and presented to us through godly teachers who instruct us and set a worthy example. When we listen to godly wisdom for living, we add years to our lives (Prov. 4:10; cf. 3:2), and obstacles are removed from our path (4:11-12; cf. 3:5-6). Furthermore, when we embrace God's wisdom, we find it is our life (4:13). This suggests that wisdom gives us spiritual vitality.
The instruction here is not to avoid wicked people altogether; indeed, that is nearly impossible in this world. But we are to avoid the "path of the wicked." We must not be deceived by the success, comfort, or pleasure the wicked may seem to enjoy. It may seem to offer an easier way, but it is a path that leads to shame, misery, and heartache. Wise is the person who is careful never to take the smallest step down that path.
Once again, before giving his instruction, Solomon reminds us of the importance of listening carefully to the wisdom of God that he sets forth for us. Wisdom is to direct our lives, for it is the source of life and health. Thus, it is incumbent on us to inspect every aspect of our lives to see that we are directed by the wisdom of God as revealed in His Word.
These verses focus on our heart, mouth, eyes, and feet. Together these represent all of life: our thoughts, words, observations, and actions. While heart can speak of the will and emotions, it primarily represents the mind or the thoughts. We must guard our hearts, or thoughts, for they are at the center of our lives, and out of them spring words and actions. Our words not only reveal our hearts but also have a powerful effect on others for either good or evil. The wise person will examine his words carefully so that nothing wicked or hurtful comes from his mouth. Even those expressions that are a matter of habit must be examined. Our eyes must be trained to focus on the right path so that our feet stay on that path. As we listen to the wisdom of God and embrace it, we will also embrace a godly lifestyle. Our thoughts, words, and actions will be governed by the priorities and values of the Lord. We will live lives that honor God, and we will set an example for the next generation to follow. Psalm 119:105 proclaims, "Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path." It is the Word of God, the Bible, that throws its light upon the path of our life, directing us to avoid its many pitfalls and leading us toward heaven.